Semana 8: Indefinitve Pronouns

An indefinite pronoun refers to something that is not definite or specific or exact. The indefinite pronouns are all, another, any, anybody, anyone, anything, each, everybody, everyone, everything, few, many, nobody, none, one, several, some, somebody, someone, These indefinite pronouns can also be used as indefinite adjectives in some cases. The examples in the sentences below show the indefinite pronouns in intalics. All are welcome to attend the concert. Mary gave the book to another. I don't have any. Does anybody have a clue? Anyone can play that game. Peter didn't see anything suspicious. Each brought a dish to pass. Everybody left town for the weekend. Everyone enjoyed the movie. Everything is taken care of. Few visited that park. Many called for information. Jennifer told nobody her secret. None came forward to claim the prize. One could see the mountains from miles away. Several signed the card. The room is too gloomy for some. Somebody called the store. Joe gave the form to someone. Commands and Requests

Requests and commands are formed using the "to-infinitive" in statements and "not + to-infinitive" in negative statements. If we report somebody's commands, we use the verb told. If it's a request, the word used in the main clause is usually asked. Commands Go to bed! He told me to go to bed. Don't go to bed! He told me not to go to bed. Requests Could you buy some eggs? She asked me to buy some eggs Don't buy any eggs please. She asked me not to buy any eggs.

Semana 7: Can - Can't

We use 'can' to talk about 'possibility'. •Can you do that? •I can't manage to do that. •You can leave your car in that parking space. •You cannot smoke in here. Notice that there are two negative forms: 'can't' and 'cannot'. These mean exactly the same thing. When we are speaking, we usually say 'can't'. We use 'can' to talk about 'ability'. •I can speak French. •I can't drive. We use 'can' to ask for and give permission. (We also use 'may' for this but is more formal and much less common.) •Can I speak to you or are you too busy? •You can use my phone. •You can't come in. We use 'can' in offers, requests and instructions. •Can I help? •Can you give me a hand? •When you finish that, you can take out the garbage. We use 'can' with 'see' 'hear' 'feel' 'smell' 'taste' to talk about something which is happening now . (Where you would use the present continuous with most other verbs.) •I can smell something burning. •Can you hear that noise? •I can't see anything. We can use 'can't' for deduction. The opposite of 'can't' in this context is 'must'. •You can't be hungry. You've just eaten. •You must be hungry. You haven't eaten anything all day. •He was in London one hour ago when I spoke to him. He can't be here yet.

Semana 6 : Count nouns and Non count nouns

Count nouns are nouns you can count. They exist as individual units, and they can be cut into parts. Some examples of count nouns include tree, house, boy, girl, country, city, idea, etc. Count nouns can be pluralized. We can have three trees, two girls, or many ideas. It is possible to use the articles a and an with count nouns, when there is only one of them. For example, "I met a cute boy today," or, "That's an interesting idea."

Noncount nouns are nouns that can’t be counted or broken into parts. These nouns cannot be pluralized. They have no plural form. Liquids such as coffee or water, abstractions such as love or peace, and collective nouns such as furniture or luggage are all examples of noncount nouns. Noncount nouns cannot be used with the articles a or an. To show the quantity of a noncount noun, we use expressions like some, much, less, a lot of, a little of, etc. For example, "I have a lot of furniture in my house," or, "This guidebook doesn't include much information about French culture." With noncount nouns, we cannot use the expressions "a few," "many," "both," "several," "one of," or "a couple of."

Semana 5 : Comparative-Superlative

Form the comparative and superlative forms of a one-syllable adjective by adding –er for the comparative form and –est for the superlative. One-Syllable Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form tall taller tallest old older oldest long longer longest Mary is taller than Max. Mary is the tallest of all the students. Max is older than John. Of the three students, Max is the oldest. My hair is longer than your hair. Max's story is the longest story I've ever heard. If the one-syllable adjective ends with an e, just add –r for the comparative form and –st for the superlative form. One-Syllable Adjective with Final -e Comparative Form Superlative Form large larger largest wise wiser wisest Mary's car is larger than Max's car. Mary's house is the tallest of all the houses on the block. Max is wiser than his brother. Max is the wisest person I know. If the one-syllable adjective ends with a single consonant with a vowel before it, double the consonant and add –er for the comparative form; and double the consonant and add –est for the superlative form. One-Syllable Adjective Ending with a Single Consonant with a Single Vowel before It Comparative Form Superlative Form big bigger biggest thin thinner thinnest fat fatter fattest My dog is bigger than your dog. My dog is the biggest of all the dogs in the neighborhood. Max is thinner than John. Of all the students in the class, Max is the thinnest. My mother is fatter than your mother. Mary is the fattest person I've ever seen. Adjectives with three or more syllables. For adjectives with three syllables or more, you form the comparative with more and the superlative with most. Adjective with Three or More Syllables Comparative Form Superlative Form generous more generous most generous important more important most important intelligent more intelligent most intelligent John is more generous than Jack. John is the most generous of all the people I know. Health is more important than money. Of all the people I know, Max is the most important. Women are more intelligent than men. Mary is the most intelligent person I've ever met. Exceptions. Irregular adjectives. Irregular Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form good better best bad worse worst far farther farthest little less least many more most Italian food is better than American food. My dog is the best dog in the world. My mother's cooking is worse than your mother's cooking. Of all the students in the class, Max is the worst. Two-syllable adjectives that follow two rules. These adjectives can be used with -

Semana 4 : Be going to

Grammar; (Be) Going to/ will verb Affirmative I am going to dance she is going to go to the school he is going to go to the park it is going to the mall we are going to sing you are going to the gym they are going to the house I will travel in next year she will make the test he will celebrate his birthday it will jumping on bed we will dance in the club you will die they will drink lemonade Negative Negative contraction I am not going to dance I´m not going to dance she is not going to the school she isn´t going to the school he is not going to the park he isn´t going to the park it is not going to the mall it isn´t going t the mall we are not going to sing we aren´t going to sing you are not going to the gym you aren´t going to the gym they are not going to the house they aren´t going to the house NEGATIVE " WILL" NEGATIVE "WON'T" I will not travel in next year I won´t travel in next year she will not make the test she won´t make the test he will not celebrate his birthday he won´t celebrate his birthday it will not jumping on bed it won´t jumping on bed we will not dance in the club we won´t dance in the club you will not die you won´t die they will not drink lemonade they won´t drink lemonade Interrogative WH- Questions Words am I going to dance? What are you going to dance ? is she going to the school? Where is she going to the school? is he going to the park? When is he going to the park? are we going to sing? What are you going to sing? are you going to the gym? When are you going to the gym? are they going to the house? Where are they going to the house? Will you travel ?